The premise of Harry Turtledove's alternate history tale, Ruled Britannia, is that the Spanish Armada did manage to take over England in 1588. Philip II installs his daughter Isabella and her consort Albert on the throne of England, imprisons Elizabeth in the Tower, and returns England to Catholicism. Ten years later, Philip is dying, Elizabeth is yet imprisoned, and while most of the populace complies with the will of their Spanish overlords, a current of discontent still runs beneath the surface.The driving plot of the book centers on William Shakespeare, presented as a humble playwright and an actor of middling skill, whose talent for composition gains the attention of those in high places. First, William Cecil, Lord Burghley, commissions Shakespeare to write a play to inspire the English people to an uprising. Loyal to Elizabeth, Burghley has been planning a revolt to occur after Philip's death, but he wants words to inspire the masses to back his maneuver. For the topic, he chooses a story out of Tacitus: Boudicca, the Iceni queen who revolted against the Romans in the first century. At nearly the same time, one of the Spanish dons requests that Shakespeare craft a play to be a fitting epitaph to King Philip. Shakespeare writes both, and the company rehearses both, not knowing which they'll actually mount. During the process, Shakespeare finds himself wishing the task had been given to another man -- especially as the bodies of those who might impede his progress start piling up around him.Turtledove includes lots of nice historical touches, and the cast of characters is well-researched and comprehensive. The book does a wonderful job bringing the world of early modern theatre to life, even with the adjustments made for the alternate history. Burbage and Kemp are major characters, with references to Burbage's family's theatrical history and to Kemp's Nine Days' Wonder. Marlowe's still alive and writing plays at the beginning of the book, and he seems torn between admiring Shakespeare's talent and sourly resenting that it has eclipsed his own. His probable historical murderers, Ingram Frizer and Nicholas Skeres, play shadowed but critical roles, clearing the path for Shakespeare's success and Cecil's rebellion, as does Thomas Phelippes, historically one of Francis Walsingham's intelligencers, here a cunning double-agent. Robert Devereaux, known to our history as the traitorous Earl of Essex, makes an appearance towards the end of the book. Shakespeare's opposite number throughout the book is Lope de Vega, one of Spain's most prolific authors, whose reputation there is second only to Cervantes. Turtledove takes him out of his native land and brings him ashore with the Armada. The English theatre fascinates de Vega, and he becomes friends, of a sort, with Shakespeare and Burbage. His presence threatens the production of Boudicca, however, as the company clearly cannot rehearse with him hanging around. His presence augments the tension behind Shakespeare's dilemma and keeps the action clipping along at an exciting pace.The book is a goldmine for the Shakespeare-lover. Turtledove sprinkles his characters' dialogues with lines from Shakespeare's plays, and recognizing them can be a bit of a game to go along with following the main plot. I almost wish I'd kept a tally of how many I found while I was reading. While extremely clever, however, they could be a bit overwhelming in places, and occasionally they did seem somewhat forced, as though Turtledove just really wanted to include that line no matter how. He managed not to stray into seeming kitschy or cutesy with the references, however (which is not something that can be said of all novels featuring Shakespeare as a character); on the whole they were quite sly without feeling obnoxious. I also took issue with a few of the choices Turtledove made -- for instance, having the company play Macbeth in 1597. I'm not arguing the date itself -- in an alternate universe, I'm willing to entertain all kinds of shifting around of chronology. But Macbeth would just plain never have been written without King James on the throne, so that element jarred me out of Turtledove's mostly-seamless historical diversion. I'm also not positive that Turtledove fully understands what iambic pentameter is and how it works, that it's more than just ten syllables to a line -- some of the lines he invented for Boudicca and King Philip don't scan properly at all, even though he discusses them as though they're perfect iambic lines. Despite those nitpicks of mine, however, his alterations generally hold together as a reasonable presentation of the early modern theatre world under slightly different conditions than we know it.Overall, I thoroughly enjoyed Ruled Britannia. Turtledove does an excellent job of relating the ability of language to move hearts and inspire an audience. He also gets his reader emotionally invested in the characters and their dire straits; by the end of the book, I passionately wanted to see Shakespeare and the company present Boudicca, and I wanted the rebellion to succeed, but I also cared about what happened to de Vega and the other side characters. Turtledove presents the humanity on both sides of the conflict quite well. The climax of the book is thus both thrilling and emotionally moving. I can cheerfully recommend Ruled Britannia as a delightful read to Shakespearean enthusiasts and other Anglophiles looking for high-quality brain candy.
This is a fun, long reimagining of history, giving Shakespeare a questionably central role. In Turtledove’s book, the Spanish Armada conquered the English (and the Dutch) to take over England, interrupting Elizabeth I’s reign (and locking her in the Tower of London). So, the English are under Spanish, Catholic and Crusader rule. Yuck, right? It’s especially difficult for Shakespeare as his plays still need to entertain and sell, but now he has to also worry about not raising the ire of the Inquisitors.This is where Turtledove’s history gets a little grand with the Bard. Turtledove – who is a legendary historical fiction writer – imagines Shakespeare being forced to write two plays that could change the course of this imagined history. One is for Spanish King Philip, who is dying; the Spanish conquerors know WS is a great writer, so they assign him to glorify their dying monarch. The other is a retelling of Boudicca, a mythology about a 1st century queen who defied Roman rule (Shakespeare’s mysterious English patron hopes this one play will raise up the inhabitants to force out their oppressors).This is where Ruled Britannia stretches the bounds of plausibility. What I‘ve always understood was that Shakespeare was only a playwright – toward the end of his life, he was even highly regarded – but he didn’t change the social or political landscape. The idea that a stage work could rally an immediate rebellion (whether successful or not) is a funny and entirely impractical one. Remember, theatre was considered a cruder, immoral, base profession – even Shakespeare noted English official hostility - except for Elizabeth I, who liked theatre - and his contemporaries often commented that actors were on par with prostitutes and thieves. Given the conceit that a play can lead an instant uprising against the powerful, though – and let’s be honest; this is speculative fiction, so it can take some license – Ruled Britannia is a frolicsome and crafty novel with lots of lively (if characterized) players. There is a lothario Spanish captain, a budding playwright, who must spy on his literary hero Shakespeare between his many dalliances. Shakespeare will, of course, give this lovable cad a spot on stage. There is Hungerford, a gritty company dresser who helps Shakespeare plot the political alliances of writing and rehearsing two incendiary plays with opposite aims. Rival playwright Christopher Marlowe makes a splashy, wonderful showing. In fact, the book is chock full of enjoyable, labyrinthine tangents provided by the many colorful actors, soldiers, politicians, clergy and common people.What adds to the tension is Shakespeare’s work ethic, and his commitment to creating two great – if politically opposite – plays. Their strengths and weaknesses will help decide whether the Spanish or English will have control over the island by the end of the novel.Turtledove knows he doesn’t have a gift with Shakespearean iambic pentameter, and yet he does a commendable job recreating the two plays. For those of us who know WS well, we’ll hear bits of Hamlet and his other King plays. Boudicca is mostly based on WS’s contemporary writer John Fletcher’s unfinished version; it also shows Fletcher wasn't always as subtle as Shakespeare. Probably the most wincing aspect of these neat stage sections is that Turtledove doesn’t understand the meter of iambic pentameter, making for some sloppy, hard-to-read prosy.The rest of the long novel – did I mention the tangents? – is written in a modernized version of Shakespearean common language. Being the historian he is, Turtledove shoehorns a little too much fact and artifact into these sections, grandstanding a bit. It definitely shows the author did his homework, and the reader gets a clear feel of the world, even the re-imagined bits. It also bogs down an already epic story at times. Still, if you’re looking for a long, winding reinvention of Shakespearean and Elizabethan history, Ruled Britannia is certainly an enjoyable dive.
What do You think about Ruled Britannia (2006)?
A great read that works through literary and military history, altering it as per Turtledove's take on alternative history. Seeing Lope De Vega and Shakespeare interact is a culturally interesting alternative history in and of itself and providing the backdrop of the Spanish Armada being successful and Brittain being ruled by the Spanish provides a form of commentary on colonization and engagement from a warped point of view. The tension Turtledove builds as Shakespeare makes a choice between empires plays as real and meaningful and the weariness that Lope de Vega shows as a soldier who would rather be writing is equally real in this alternate world. A solid read that makes one wonder if, had this happened and our culture had been less informed of Shakespeare and more influenced by Spanish authors, we might all be discussing the import of Lope de Vega and Pedro Calderón de la Barca. Something to ponder and engage in when you read this interesting and literary based alternative history.
—James
Warning! If you read GUNS OF THE SOUTH by Harry Turtledove and thought it was a classic . . . don't imagine this book is going to be the same kind of story.I have to admit that the premise was intriguing. What if Spain had conquered in England in 1588? And what if William Shakespeare had become a shadowy fighter in the underground, trying to drive out the Spanish by writing fiery patriotic plays in secret?Unfortunately, there is almost NO military action in this book until fifty pages before the end. And there are hundreds and hundreds of pages of theater gossip, Shakespeare quotes, dirty jokes, and Shakespeare going on and on (and on and on) about how scared he is of being caught by the Spanish. The main Spanish character is Lope De Vega, another real life playwright. But in this book he's really annoying, he just lusts after women, one after another, and gets in boring sword fights which he wins by fighting dirty. And he treats women like dirt, and I didn't find him charming at all!Oh, and all the woman characters (with the exception of one sexy witch who outshone everybody else in the book) were either nagging hags or giggling sluts with big bosoms for ever on display. Bring back the Harry Turtledove who wrote GUNS OF THE SOUTH!!!!
—Carol Storm
Although marked as SF this book is not your traditional fare. Instead it gives us an alternate history rather than an alternate reality. In this case the Spanish Armada is successful and England is ruled by the Spanish and Elizabeth I is in the Tower. All is not lost though as William Shakespeare is drawn into a plot to overthrow the invaders and set England free whilst dicing with the Spanish overlords.Much of the book revolves around the theater and various plays that have subtle name changes form what we know. The dialogue is like the Bard's plays which can be hard to follow until you get in tune with it.Underneath the covers there is a tale of spies, murder and intrigue, mixed in with a range of characters worthy of the original plays.Not easy to ready but I thoroughly enjoyed it
—Philip
