India: A History. Revised And Updated - Plot & Excerpts
Revised and Updated 20Surgical Procedures1948-1965 WHO HAS NOT HEARD OF THE VALE OF CASHMERE?FOR THE NATIONS OF the Indian subcontinent, as for the rest of the colonial world, the twentieth century peaked at Independence. Triumph in the freedom struggle brought its expected rewards-self-determination, international recognition, more accountable government and a new pride of purpose. But the subsequent enjoyment of these rewards, the constraints encountered in their exercise and the means taken to safeguard them produced half a century of erratic progress marred by internal discord and mutual aggression. In both of the successor states – and all three after 1971 – prime ministers were assassinated and constitutions suspended. India and Pakistan fought three wars in as many decades, then left a nuclear fourth well within the bounds of possibility. And all governments repeatedly felt obliged to deploy their military might against their own subjects. Looking back, the century’s first fifty years of struggle and sacrifice seem more admirable than the last fifty years.
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