NEW YORK HISTORY1. For the history of the Morellos, see Mike Dash, The First Family: Terror, Extortion, Revenge, Murder, and the Birth of the American Mafia (New York: Random House, 2009), pp. ix–x, 222–24, 305–306.2. Hearings before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Gov. Operations: Organized Crime and the Illicit Traffic in Narcotics, Senate, 88th Cong., 1st Sess., 270–73 (1963) (testimony of Joseph Valachi).3. New York Times, March 20, 1971, July 22, 1975; Time, September 29, 1986; Joseph Bonanno with Sergio Lalli, A Man of Honor: The Autobiography of Joseph Bonanno (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1983).4. New York University Law Professor James B. Jacobs first showed me that serious research could be done on the Mafia. In the summer of 1997, I worked as his research assistant while he worked on his book Gotham Unbound: How New York City Was Liberated from the Grip of Organized Crime (New York: New York University Press, 1999), which focused on initiatives in the 1980s and ’90s by the Justice Department and the Giuliani administration to purge the Mafia from six industries.
